ANSI Common Lisp  19 Filenames 19.2 Pathnames
19.2.3 Merging Pathnames
Merging takes a pathname with unfilled components
and supplies values for those components from a source of defaults.
If a component's value is nil, that component is considered to be unfilled.
If a component's value is any non-nil object,
including :unspecific, that component is considered to be filled.
Except as explicitly specified otherwise,
for functions that manipulate or inquire about files in the file system,
the pathname argument to such a function
is merged with *default-pathname-defaults* before accessing the file system
(as if by merge-pathnames).
19.2.3.1 Examples of Merging Pathnames
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