*print-case* has an effect at all times when the value of *print-escape* is false. *print-case* also has an effect when the value of *print-escape* is true unless inside an escape context (i.e., unless between vertical-bars or after a slash).

 (defun test-print-case ()
   (dolist (*print-case* '(:upcase :downcase :capitalize))
     (format t "~&~S ~S~%" 'this-and-that '|And-something-elSE|)))
  TEST-PC
;; Although the choice of which characters to escape is specified by
;; *PRINT-CASE*, the choice of how to escape those characters 
;; (i.e., whether single escapes or multiple escapes are used)
;; is implementation-dependent.  The examples here show two of the
;; many valid ways in which escaping might appear.
 (test-print-case) ;Implementation A
 THIS-AND-THAT |And-something-elSE|
 this-and-that a\n\d-\s\o\m\e\t\h\i\n\g-\e\lse
 This-And-That A\n\d-\s\o\m\e\t\h\i\n\g-\e\lse
  NIL
 (test-print-case) ;Implementation B
 THIS-AND-THAT |And-something-elSE|
 this-and-that a|nd-something-el|se
 This-And-That A|nd-something-el|se
  NIL

If *print-escape* is true, lowercase characters in the name of a symbol are always printed in lowercase, and are preceded by a single escape character or enclosed by multiple escape characters; uppercase characters in the name of a symbol are printed in upper case, in lower case, or in mixed case so as to capitalize words, according to the value of *print-case*. The convention for what constitutes a "word" is the same as for string-capitalize.